When it is said
It comes from the Trebnik, the priest’s book of services for a family’s needs. There it is headed “When someone is about to enter a new house”. A priest says it when he blesses the house.
Its own words show that it is a priest’s prayer: the family’s prayers reach God “through us”, that is, through the priest.
Priests also bless homes after Theophany, the feast of Jesus’s baptism in January.
Where it comes from
No author known
From the priest’s book
The Trebnik holds the priest’s services for baptisms, weddings, the sick, funerals and blessings. G. V. Shann put it into English in 1894 as the Book of Needs, and there this prayer follows one for laying a house’s foundation. No author is named. A book of 1884 says a Russian building a house always asked the Church’s prayers and blessing.
Azbyka.ru, Prayer on entering a new house; G. V. Shann, Book of Needs (1894), chapter XXIX; Isabel F. Hapgood, Service Book (1906), introduction; Nicholas Bjerring, The Offices of the Oriental Church (1884)
Why Zacchaeus?
Zacchaeus was a rich chief tax collector in Jericho. He climbed a sycamore tree to see Jesus pass. Jesus told him to come down: He must stay at his house that day. Zacchaeus gave half his goods to the poor and repaid fourfold anyone he had cheated. Jesus said: “Today salvation has come to this house.”
Luke 19:1-10
When the priest comes
A Greek Orthodox parish in Florida prints its house blessing, which follows Theophany. The family sets out a candle, an icon, holy water and the first names of all who live there. The priest prays to Christ, Who “did deign to enter under the roof-tree of Zacchaeus”. Then he blesses the whole house with holy water.
Holy Trinity Greek Orthodox Church, Orlando, House Blessings
The Scripture in it
When Jesus came to that place, He looked up and said, “Zacchaeus, hurry down, for I must stay at your house today.” So Zacchaeus hurried down and welcomed Him joyfully. And all who saw this began to grumble, saying, “He has gone to be the guest of a sinful man!” But Zacchaeus stood up and said to the Lord, “Look, Lord, half of my possessions I give to the poor, and if I have cheated anyone, I will repay it fourfold.” Jesus said to him, “Today salvation has come to this house, because this man too is a son of Abraham.”
Bible text: Berean Standard Bible, public domain.
In Church Slavonic
Боже Спасителю наш, изволивый под сень Закхееву внити, и спасение тому, и всему дому того бывый:
Сам и ныне зде жити восхотевшыя, и нами недостойными мольбы Тебе и моления приносящыя, от всякаго вреда соблюди невредимы,
благословляя тех зде жилище, и ненаветен тех живот сохраняяй. Аминь.
From the prayer book on Azbyka.ru, a Russian Orthodox website, in Church Slavonic, taken from the Trebnik.