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Pavel Svinin’s watercolour of a Baptist minister immersing a woman in a river while a crowd watches from a wharf and more candidates in white wait their turn

Southern Baptist (non-Calvinist)

  • 6Axes
  • 6Poles named
  • 17Others

Picture: A Philadelphia Anabaptist Immersion during a Storm (a Baptist baptism in the Schuylkill River), Pavel Svinin, about 1811–13. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

Southern Baptist (non-Calvinist) in a sentence

The traditional Southern Baptist answer on grace, named by a statement its own senior figures published in 2012. God’s call goes out to everyone, each person must decide, and everyone who truly decides is kept for good.

Grace Synergist Table Memorial Gifts Cessationist Kingdom Dispensational Authority Scripture alone Worship Free
Each arm is one axis: the further out it reaches, the stronger the lean, and the colour is which way. The hatched middle is the band where the quiz names neither pole.

What marks it out

The grace reading leans towards free response without reaching the pole, because of a very Baptist pairing. Grace goes to all and can be refused, which is synergism: the view that a person freely cooperates with the grace God gives, or in the plainer word, free will. But once someone truly believes, God keeps them, which is eternal security, or “once saved, always saved” in the phrase people actually use. Classical Arminians hold that a believer can fall away; these churches do not, so they reject both labels.

Three readings sit at the very edge, and they are the marks of a free church rather than of that argument. Authority is Scripture alone, with no creed and no bishop over a congregation. The Supper is a memorial and baptism the immersion of a believer. Worship belongs to the church, not to a book.

On Israel and the church the sketch leans dispensational: a distinct future for national Israel, and a church caught up in the rapture before a time of tribulation. The Baptist Faith and Message does not require it, since its article on last things settles nothing, but the expectation runs through the preaching and the study Bibles this stream grew up reading.

The gifts reading leans cessationist without reaching the pole. No confession says the gifts have ended; there is simply a long settled practice of not seeking them, and a conviction that Scripture is enough without them.

What all this looks like on a Sunday is the invitation. The service ends with the congregation standing, a hymn, and a call to come to the front and settle it now, which makes sense only if the decision is genuinely the hearer’s to make. Churches in the Calvinist stream have often dropped that moment, and when the two sides argue about it they are really arguing about the doctrine underneath.

Did you know?

  • This side of the argument has a founding date. On 30 May 2012 A Statement of the Traditional Southern Baptist Understanding of God’s Plan of Salvation went online, and within weeks it carried the names of five former presidents of the convention and two seminary presidents.

    Statement published by Eric Hankins, 30 May 2012; Baptist Press, “Statement on Calvinism draws approval, criticism”, June 2012.

  • The convention tried to settle it with a committee. Frank Page, a non-Calvinist himself, assembled an advisory team whose seven-page report, Truth, Trust and Testimony in a Time of Tension, went to the 2013 convention in Houston and concluded that both sides belong.

    SBC Calvinism Advisory Committee report, presented at the Southern Baptist Convention, Houston, June 2013.

Where it came from

Baptist by way of the American frontier revivals, where the gospel was offered to whoever happened to be in the tent, and Southern Baptist since the convention formed in 1845. Its nearest relative is the Calvinist stream it shares a convention, a hymnbook and a mission board with; beyond that, the independent Bible churches and other free-church evangelicals.

Where it sits on all six questions

In the hatched middle the quiz names neither pole.

Grace 60% toward Synergist

MonergistSynergist

Table 90% toward Memorial

SacramentalMemorial

Gifts 50% toward Cessationist

ContinuationistCessationist

Kingdom 44% toward Dispensational

One peopleDispensational

Authority 90% toward Scripture alone

Bible & traditionScripture alone

Worship 90% toward Free

LiturgicalFree

Which traditions are closest?

Nearness is not agreement: two families can land in the same band for different reasons.

  1. National Baptist (NBC USA / historically Black Baptist) Closest 80%match
  2. Bible church (independent, dispensational) 78%match
  3. Calvary Chapel 69%match
  4. Churches of Christ / Christian Churches 69%match
  5. Anabaptist / Mennonite (peace church) 66%match
  6. Pentecostal (Assemblies of God, Church of God, COGIC) 64%match

Side by side

Five pages put this tradition next to another: what they share, where they part, and how it came to be.

What we read

Read to place this tradition

Baptist Faith & Message 2000; "A Statement of the Traditional Southern Baptist Understanding of God's Plan of Salvation" (2012).

  • The Baptist Faith and Message (2000)

    Article 4 on salvation and article 5 on God’s purpose of grace are the two this page’s grace reading turns on.

  • A Statement of the Traditional Southern Baptist Understanding of God’s Plan of Salvation (2012)

    Ten short articles, each an affirmation followed by a denial: this side setting out its own terms.

Suggest a correction

Berean Standard Bible